The
Torsen differential works just like a conventional differential but
can lock up if a torque imbalance occurs, the maximum ratio of torque
imbalance being defined by the Torque Bias Ratio (TBR). When a Torsen
has a 3:1 TBR, that means that one side of the differential can handle
up to 75% while the other side would have to only handle 25% of applied
torque. During acceleration under asymmetric traction conditions, so
long as the higher traction side can handle the higher percentage of
applied torque, no relative wheelspin will occur. When the traction
difference exceeds the TBR, the slower output side of the differential
receives the tractive torque of the faster wheel multiplied by the TBR;
any extra torque remaining from applied torque contributes to the
angular acceleration of the faster output side of the differential.
Torsen
differentials are used in many of the various Audi Quattro models,
excluding the A3 & S3 and TT (which have transverse-mounted engines
and use Haldex Traction 4WD systems).
Thanks for sharing such an amazing article, really informative.
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